[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":3546},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/de-de/blog/how-to-build-ci-cd-observability-at-scale":3,"navigation-de-de":2777,"banner-de-de":3195,"footer-de-de":3204,"blog-post-authors-de-de-Paul Meresanu":3443,"blog-related-posts-de-de-how-to-build-ci-cd-observability-at-scale":3458,"blog-promotions-de-de":3484,"next-steps-de-de":3536},{"id":4,"title":5,"authors":6,"body":8,"category":2757,"date":2758,"description":2759,"extension":2760,"externalUrl":2761,"featured":2762,"heroImage":2763,"meta":2764,"navigation":187,"path":2765,"seo":2766,"slug":2769,"stem":2770,"tags":2771,"template":2775,"updatedDate":2761,"__hash__":2776},"blogPosts/de-de/blog/how-to-build-ci-cd-observability-at-scale.md","CI/CD-Observability im Unternehmensmaßstab aufbauen",[7],"Paul Meresanu",{"type":9,"value":10,"toc":2730},"minimark",[11,15,18,21,24,29,32,55,59,62,88,91,98,101,115,120,138,141,145,148,153,238,242,702,706,942,946,1245,1249,1256,1262,1701,1705,1708,1911,1915,1960,1964,1968,2107,2111,2211,2215,2355,2359,2363,2474,2478,2530,2534,2538,2541,2679,2683,2686,2709,2713,2716,2726],[12,13,14],"p",{},"CI/CD-Optimierung beginnt mit Transparenz. Eine erfolgreiche DevOps-Plattform\nim Unternehmensmaßstab umfasst das Verständnis von Pipeline-Performance,\nJob-Ausführungsmustern und quantifizierbaren operationalen Insights – insbesondere\nfür Unternehmen, die GitLab Self-Managed betreiben.",[12,16,17],{},"Um GitLab-Kund(inn)en dabei zu helfen, den vollen Nutzen ihrer Plattform\nauszuschöpfen, haben wir die GitLab CI/CD Observability-Lösung als Teil unseres\nPlatform Excellence-Programms entwickelt. Sie verwandelt rohe Pipeline-Metriken\nin handlungsrelevante operationale Erkenntnisse.",[12,19,20],{},"Ein führendes Finanzdienstleistungsunternehmen hat gemeinsam mit GitLabs Customer\nSuccess Architect Transparenz über seine GitLab Self-Managed-Deployments\ngewonnen. Gemeinsam haben wir eine containerisierte Observability-Lösung\nimplementiert, die den Open-Source-gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter mit\nunternehmensgerechter Prometheus- und Grafana-Infrastruktur kombiniert.",[12,22,23],{},"In diesem Artikel werden die Herausforderungen beim Pipeline-Management im\nUnternehmensmaßstab erläutert – und wie GitLab CI/CD Observability diese mit\neiner praxisnahen End-to-End-Implementierung adressiert.",[25,26,28],"h2",{"id":27},"die-herausforderung-cicd-performance-messen","Die Herausforderung: CI/CD-Performance messen",[12,30,31],{},"Vor der Implementierung einer Observability-Lösung sollte die\nMessdimension klar definiert sein:",[33,34,35,43,49],"ul",{},[36,37,38,42],"li",{},[39,40,41],"strong",{},"Welche Metriken sind relevant?"," Pipeline-Dauer, Job-Erfolgsraten,\nQueue-Zeiten, Runner-Auslastung",[36,44,45,48],{},[39,46,47],{},"Wer braucht Transparenz?"," Entwickler(innen), DevOps-Engineers,\nPlattformteams, Führungsebene",[36,50,51,54],{},[39,52,53],{},"Welche Entscheidungen werden damit getroffen?"," Infrastrukturinvestitionen,\nEngpass-Behebung, Kapazitätsplanung",[25,56,58],{"id":57},"lösungsarchitektur-ein-vollständiges-dashboard-set-für-observability","Lösungsarchitektur: Ein vollständiges Dashboard-Set für Observability",[12,60,61],{},"Nach dem Deployment stellt der Observability-Stack ein Set von\nGrafana-Dashboards bereit, das Echtzeit- und historische Transparenz über die\nCI/CD-Plattform bietet. Ein typisches Deployment umfasst:",[33,63,64,70,76,82],{},[36,65,66,69],{},[39,67,68],{},"Pipeline Overview Dashboard:"," Eine übergeordnete Ansicht mit Gesamtzahl\nder Pipeline-Läufe, Erfolgs-/Fehlerquoten über die Zeit (als gestapelte\nBalken- oder Zeitreihencharts) und Trends bei der durchschnittlichen\nPipeline-Dauer. Panels verwenden farbcodierte Statusindikatoren (Grün für\nErfolg, Rot für Fehler, Gelb für Abbruch), damit Plattformteams\nVerschlechterungen auf einen Blick erkennen.",[36,71,72,75],{},[39,73,74],{},"Job Performance Dashboard:"," Drill-down-Panels mit Verteilungen der\neinzelnen Job-Dauern (Histogramm), den 10 langsamsten Jobs nach\nDurchschnittsdauer und Job-Fehler-Heatmaps nach Projekt und Stage. Hier\nidentifizieren Teams konkrete Engpass-Jobs, die sich zu optimieren lohnen.",[36,77,78,81],{},[39,79,80],{},"Runner & Infrastructure Dashboard:"," Kombiniert Node-Exporter-Host-Metriken\n(CPU, Arbeitsspeicher, Disk) mit Pipeline-Queue-Zeit-Daten, um\nInfrastruktur-Sättigung mit Pipeline-Wartezeiten zu korrelieren. Nützlich\nfür Kapazitätsplanungsentscheidungen wie die Skalierung von Runner-Pools oder\ndas Upgrade von Instanzgrößen.",[36,83,84,87],{},[39,85,86],{},"Deployment Frequency Dashboard:"," Verfolgt Deployment-Anzahl und\n-Dauer über die Zeit pro Umgebung, abgestimmt auf DORA-Metriken. Hilft\nder Engineering-Führungsebene, Lieferdurchsatz und Environment-Drift\n(Commits hinter main) zu bewerten.",[12,89,90],{},"Jedes Dashboard wird automatisch über Grafanas dateibasiertes Provisioning\nbereitgestellt, sodass es konsistent über alle Umgebungen hinweg deployed wird.\nDie Dashboards lassen sich über Grafana-Variablen weiter anpassen, um nach\nProjekt, Ref/Branch oder Zeitraum zu filtern.",[12,92,93],{},[94,95],"img",{"alt":96,"src":97},"Lösungsarchitektur","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1777382608/Blog/Imported/blog-building-ci-cd-observability-stack-for-gitlab-self-managed/image1.png",[12,99,100],{},"Die Lösung benötigt zwei Exporter:",[33,102,103,109],{},[36,104,105,108],{},[39,106,107],{},"Pipeline Exporter:"," Erfasst CI/CD-Metriken über die GitLab API\n(Pipeline-Dauer, Job-Status, Deployments)",[36,110,111,114],{},[39,112,113],{},"Node Exporter:"," Erfasst Host-Metriken (CPU, Arbeitsspeicher, Disk)\nfür die Infrastruktur-Korrelation",[12,116,117],{},[39,118,119],{},"Voraussetzungen:",[33,121,122,125,131],{},[36,123,124],{},"GitLab Self-Managed Version 18.1+",[36,126,127,130],{},[39,128,129],{},"Container-Orchestrierungsplattform:"," Ein Kubernetes-Cluster (empfohlen\nfür Unternehmens-Deployments) oder eine Container-Runtime wie Docker/Podman\nfür kleinere Umgebungen oder Proof-of-Concept-Deployments. Die primäre\nDeployment-Anleitung unten zielt auf Kubernetes; eine Docker-Compose-Alternative\nist im Anhang für lokales Testen und Evaluation verfügbar",[36,132,133,134,137],{},"GitLab Personal Access Token (Scope ",[39,135,136],{},"read_api",")",[12,139,140],{},"Die vollständige Implementierungsanleitung mit allen Kubernetes-Manifesten\nfolgt direkt im Anschluss.",[25,142,144],{"id":143},"kubernetes-deployment-empfohlen","Kubernetes-Deployment (empfohlen)",[12,146,147],{},"Für Unternehmensumgebungen wird jede Komponente als separates Deployment in\neinem dedizierten Namespace deployed. Dieser Ansatz integriert sich in\nbestehende Cluster-Infrastruktur, Secrets-Management und Network-Policies.",[149,150,152],"h3",{"id":151},"_1-namespace-und-secret-erstellen","1. Namespace und Secret erstellen",[154,155,160],"pre",{"className":156,"code":157,"language":158,"meta":159,"style":159},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes github-light","kubectl create namespace gitlab-observability\n\n# GitLab-Token-Secret erstellen (siehe Abschnitt Secrets-Management\n# für unternehmensgerechte Ansätze mit externen Secret-Operatoren)\nkubectl create secret generic gitlab-token \\\n --from-literal=token=glpat-xxxxxxxxxxxx \\\n -n gitlab-observability\n","bash","",[161,162,163,182,189,196,202,222,230],"code",{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,165,168,172,176,179],"span",{"class":166,"line":167},"line",1,[164,169,171],{"class":170},"s7eDp","kubectl",[164,173,175],{"class":174},"sYBdl"," create",[164,177,178],{"class":174}," namespace",[164,180,181],{"class":174}," gitlab-observability\n",[164,183,185],{"class":166,"line":184},2,[164,186,188],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":187},true,"\n",[164,190,192],{"class":166,"line":191},3,[164,193,195],{"class":194},"sAwPA","# GitLab-Token-Secret erstellen (siehe Abschnitt Secrets-Management\n",[164,197,199],{"class":166,"line":198},4,[164,200,201],{"class":194},"# für unternehmensgerechte Ansätze mit externen Secret-Operatoren)\n",[164,203,205,207,209,212,215,218],{"class":166,"line":204},5,[164,206,171],{"class":170},[164,208,175],{"class":174},[164,210,211],{"class":174}," secret",[164,213,214],{"class":174}," generic",[164,216,217],{"class":174}," gitlab-token",[164,219,221],{"class":220},"sYu0t"," \\\n",[164,223,225,228],{"class":166,"line":224},6,[164,226,227],{"class":220}," --from-literal=token=glpat-xxxxxxxxxxxx",[164,229,221],{"class":220},[164,231,233,236],{"class":166,"line":232},7,[164,234,235],{"class":220}," -n",[164,237,181],{"class":174},[149,239,241],{"id":240},"_2-pipeline-exporter-deployen","2. Pipeline Exporter deployen",[154,243,247],{"className":244,"code":245,"language":246,"meta":159,"style":159},"language-yaml shiki shiki-themes github-light","# exporter-deployment.yaml\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n name: gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n replicas: 1\n selector:\n matchLabels:\n app: gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter\n template:\n metadata:\n labels:\n app: gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter\n spec:\n containers:\n - name: exporter\n image: mvisonneau/gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter:latest\n ports:\n - containerPort: 8080\n env:\n - name: GCPE_GITLAB_TOKEN\n valueFrom:\n secretKeyRef:\n name: gitlab-token\n key: token\n - name: GCPE_CONFIG\n value: /etc/gcpe/config.yml\n volumeMounts:\n - name: config\n mountPath: /etc/gcpe\n volumes:\n - name: config\n configMap:\n name: gcpe-config\n---\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Service\nmetadata:\n name: gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n selector:\n app: gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter\n ports:\n - port: 8080\n targetPort: 8080\n","yaml",[161,248,249,254,267,277,285,295,305,312,323,331,339,349,357,365,373,383,391,399,413,424,432,446,454,466,474,482,493,504,516,527,535,547,558,566,577,585,596,602,612,622,629,638,647,654,661,671,679,692],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,250,251],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,252,253],{"class":194},"# exporter-deployment.yaml\n",[164,255,256,260,264],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,257,259],{"class":258},"shJU0","apiVersion",[164,261,263],{"class":262},"sgsFI",": ",[164,265,266],{"class":174},"apps/v1\n",[164,268,269,272,274],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,270,271],{"class":258},"kind",[164,273,263],{"class":262},[164,275,276],{"class":174},"Deployment\n",[164,278,279,282],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,280,281],{"class":258},"metadata",[164,283,284],{"class":262},":\n",[164,286,287,290,292],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,288,289],{"class":258}," name",[164,291,263],{"class":262},[164,293,294],{"class":174},"gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter\n",[164,296,297,300,302],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,298,299],{"class":258}," namespace",[164,301,263],{"class":262},[164,303,304],{"class":174},"gitlab-observability\n",[164,306,307,310],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,308,309],{"class":258},"spec",[164,311,284],{"class":262},[164,313,315,318,320],{"class":166,"line":314},8,[164,316,317],{"class":258}," replicas",[164,319,263],{"class":262},[164,321,322],{"class":220},"1\n",[164,324,326,329],{"class":166,"line":325},9,[164,327,328],{"class":258}," selector",[164,330,284],{"class":262},[164,332,334,337],{"class":166,"line":333},10,[164,335,336],{"class":258}," matchLabels",[164,338,284],{"class":262},[164,340,342,345,347],{"class":166,"line":341},11,[164,343,344],{"class":258}," app",[164,346,263],{"class":262},[164,348,294],{"class":174},[164,350,352,355],{"class":166,"line":351},12,[164,353,354],{"class":258}," template",[164,356,284],{"class":262},[164,358,360,363],{"class":166,"line":359},13,[164,361,362],{"class":258}," metadata",[164,364,284],{"class":262},[164,366,368,371],{"class":166,"line":367},14,[164,369,370],{"class":258}," labels",[164,372,284],{"class":262},[164,374,376,379,381],{"class":166,"line":375},15,[164,377,378],{"class":258}," app",[164,380,263],{"class":262},[164,382,294],{"class":174},[164,384,386,389],{"class":166,"line":385},16,[164,387,388],{"class":258}," spec",[164,390,284],{"class":262},[164,392,394,397],{"class":166,"line":393},17,[164,395,396],{"class":258}," containers",[164,398,284],{"class":262},[164,400,402,405,408,410],{"class":166,"line":401},18,[164,403,404],{"class":262}," - ",[164,406,407],{"class":258},"name",[164,409,263],{"class":262},[164,411,412],{"class":174},"exporter\n",[164,414,416,419,421],{"class":166,"line":415},19,[164,417,418],{"class":258}," image",[164,420,263],{"class":262},[164,422,423],{"class":174},"mvisonneau/gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter:latest\n",[164,425,427,430],{"class":166,"line":426},20,[164,428,429],{"class":258}," ports",[164,431,284],{"class":262},[164,433,435,438,441,443],{"class":166,"line":434},21,[164,436,437],{"class":262}," - ",[164,439,440],{"class":258},"containerPort",[164,442,263],{"class":262},[164,444,445],{"class":220},"8080\n",[164,447,449,452],{"class":166,"line":448},22,[164,450,451],{"class":258}," env",[164,453,284],{"class":262},[164,455,457,459,461,463],{"class":166,"line":456},23,[164,458,437],{"class":262},[164,460,407],{"class":258},[164,462,263],{"class":262},[164,464,465],{"class":174},"GCPE_GITLAB_TOKEN\n",[164,467,469,472],{"class":166,"line":468},24,[164,470,471],{"class":258}," valueFrom",[164,473,284],{"class":262},[164,475,477,480],{"class":166,"line":476},25,[164,478,479],{"class":258}," secretKeyRef",[164,481,284],{"class":262},[164,483,485,488,490],{"class":166,"line":484},26,[164,486,487],{"class":258}," name",[164,489,263],{"class":262},[164,491,492],{"class":174},"gitlab-token\n",[164,494,496,499,501],{"class":166,"line":495},27,[164,497,498],{"class":258}," key",[164,500,263],{"class":262},[164,502,503],{"class":174},"token\n",[164,505,507,509,511,513],{"class":166,"line":506},28,[164,508,437],{"class":262},[164,510,407],{"class":258},[164,512,263],{"class":262},[164,514,515],{"class":174},"GCPE_CONFIG\n",[164,517,519,522,524],{"class":166,"line":518},29,[164,520,521],{"class":258}," value",[164,523,263],{"class":262},[164,525,526],{"class":174},"/etc/gcpe/config.yml\n",[164,528,530,533],{"class":166,"line":529},30,[164,531,532],{"class":258}," volumeMounts",[164,534,284],{"class":262},[164,536,538,540,542,544],{"class":166,"line":537},31,[164,539,437],{"class":262},[164,541,407],{"class":258},[164,543,263],{"class":262},[164,545,546],{"class":174},"config\n",[164,548,550,553,555],{"class":166,"line":549},32,[164,551,552],{"class":258}," mountPath",[164,554,263],{"class":262},[164,556,557],{"class":174},"/etc/gcpe\n",[164,559,561,564],{"class":166,"line":560},33,[164,562,563],{"class":258}," volumes",[164,565,284],{"class":262},[164,567,569,571,573,575],{"class":166,"line":568},34,[164,570,404],{"class":262},[164,572,407],{"class":258},[164,574,263],{"class":262},[164,576,546],{"class":174},[164,578,580,583],{"class":166,"line":579},35,[164,581,582],{"class":258}," configMap",[164,584,284],{"class":262},[164,586,588,591,593],{"class":166,"line":587},36,[164,589,590],{"class":258}," name",[164,592,263],{"class":262},[164,594,595],{"class":174},"gcpe-config\n",[164,597,599],{"class":166,"line":598},37,[164,600,601],{"class":170},"---\n",[164,603,605,607,609],{"class":166,"line":604},38,[164,606,259],{"class":258},[164,608,263],{"class":262},[164,610,611],{"class":174},"v1\n",[164,613,615,617,619],{"class":166,"line":614},39,[164,616,271],{"class":258},[164,618,263],{"class":262},[164,620,621],{"class":174},"Service\n",[164,623,625,627],{"class":166,"line":624},40,[164,626,281],{"class":258},[164,628,284],{"class":262},[164,630,632,634,636],{"class":166,"line":631},41,[164,633,289],{"class":258},[164,635,263],{"class":262},[164,637,294],{"class":174},[164,639,641,643,645],{"class":166,"line":640},42,[164,642,299],{"class":258},[164,644,263],{"class":262},[164,646,304],{"class":174},[164,648,650,652],{"class":166,"line":649},43,[164,651,309],{"class":258},[164,653,284],{"class":262},[164,655,657,659],{"class":166,"line":656},44,[164,658,328],{"class":258},[164,660,284],{"class":262},[164,662,664,667,669],{"class":166,"line":663},45,[164,665,666],{"class":258}," app",[164,668,263],{"class":262},[164,670,294],{"class":174},[164,672,674,677],{"class":166,"line":673},46,[164,675,676],{"class":258}," ports",[164,678,284],{"class":262},[164,680,682,685,688,690],{"class":166,"line":681},47,[164,683,684],{"class":262}," - ",[164,686,687],{"class":258},"port",[164,689,263],{"class":262},[164,691,445],{"class":220},[164,693,695,698,700],{"class":166,"line":694},48,[164,696,697],{"class":258}," targetPort",[164,699,263],{"class":262},[164,701,445],{"class":220},[149,703,705],{"id":704},"_3-node-exporter-deployen-daemonset","3. Node Exporter deployen (DaemonSet)",[154,707,709],{"className":244,"code":708,"language":246,"meta":159,"style":159},"# node-exporter-daemonset.yaml\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: DaemonSet\nmetadata:\n name: node-exporter\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n selector:\n matchLabels:\n app: node-exporter\n template:\n metadata:\n labels:\n app: node-exporter\n spec:\n containers:\n - name: node-exporter\n image: prom/node-exporter:latest\n ports:\n - containerPort: 9100\n---\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Service\nmetadata:\n name: node-exporter\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n selector:\n app: node-exporter\n ports:\n - port: 9100\n targetPort: 9100\n",[161,710,711,716,724,733,739,748,756,762,768,774,782,788,794,800,808,814,820,830,839,845,856,860,868,876,882,890,898,904,910,918,924,934],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,712,713],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,714,715],{"class":194},"# node-exporter-daemonset.yaml\n",[164,717,718,720,722],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,719,259],{"class":258},[164,721,263],{"class":262},[164,723,266],{"class":174},[164,725,726,728,730],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,727,271],{"class":258},[164,729,263],{"class":262},[164,731,732],{"class":174},"DaemonSet\n",[164,734,735,737],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,736,281],{"class":258},[164,738,284],{"class":262},[164,740,741,743,745],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,742,289],{"class":258},[164,744,263],{"class":262},[164,746,747],{"class":174},"node-exporter\n",[164,749,750,752,754],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,751,299],{"class":258},[164,753,263],{"class":262},[164,755,304],{"class":174},[164,757,758,760],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,759,309],{"class":258},[164,761,284],{"class":262},[164,763,764,766],{"class":166,"line":314},[164,765,328],{"class":258},[164,767,284],{"class":262},[164,769,770,772],{"class":166,"line":325},[164,771,336],{"class":258},[164,773,284],{"class":262},[164,775,776,778,780],{"class":166,"line":333},[164,777,344],{"class":258},[164,779,263],{"class":262},[164,781,747],{"class":174},[164,783,784,786],{"class":166,"line":341},[164,785,354],{"class":258},[164,787,284],{"class":262},[164,789,790,792],{"class":166,"line":351},[164,791,362],{"class":258},[164,793,284],{"class":262},[164,795,796,798],{"class":166,"line":359},[164,797,370],{"class":258},[164,799,284],{"class":262},[164,801,802,804,806],{"class":166,"line":367},[164,803,378],{"class":258},[164,805,263],{"class":262},[164,807,747],{"class":174},[164,809,810,812],{"class":166,"line":375},[164,811,388],{"class":258},[164,813,284],{"class":262},[164,815,816,818],{"class":166,"line":385},[164,817,396],{"class":258},[164,819,284],{"class":262},[164,821,822,824,826,828],{"class":166,"line":393},[164,823,404],{"class":262},[164,825,407],{"class":258},[164,827,263],{"class":262},[164,829,747],{"class":174},[164,831,832,834,836],{"class":166,"line":401},[164,833,418],{"class":258},[164,835,263],{"class":262},[164,837,838],{"class":174},"prom/node-exporter:latest\n",[164,840,841,843],{"class":166,"line":415},[164,842,429],{"class":258},[164,844,284],{"class":262},[164,846,847,849,851,853],{"class":166,"line":426},[164,848,437],{"class":262},[164,850,440],{"class":258},[164,852,263],{"class":262},[164,854,855],{"class":220},"9100\n",[164,857,858],{"class":166,"line":434},[164,859,601],{"class":170},[164,861,862,864,866],{"class":166,"line":448},[164,863,259],{"class":258},[164,865,263],{"class":262},[164,867,611],{"class":174},[164,869,870,872,874],{"class":166,"line":456},[164,871,271],{"class":258},[164,873,263],{"class":262},[164,875,621],{"class":174},[164,877,878,880],{"class":166,"line":468},[164,879,281],{"class":258},[164,881,284],{"class":262},[164,883,884,886,888],{"class":166,"line":476},[164,885,289],{"class":258},[164,887,263],{"class":262},[164,889,747],{"class":174},[164,891,892,894,896],{"class":166,"line":484},[164,893,299],{"class":258},[164,895,263],{"class":262},[164,897,304],{"class":174},[164,899,900,902],{"class":166,"line":495},[164,901,309],{"class":258},[164,903,284],{"class":262},[164,905,906,908],{"class":166,"line":506},[164,907,328],{"class":258},[164,909,284],{"class":262},[164,911,912,914,916],{"class":166,"line":518},[164,913,666],{"class":258},[164,915,263],{"class":262},[164,917,747],{"class":174},[164,919,920,922],{"class":166,"line":529},[164,921,676],{"class":258},[164,923,284],{"class":262},[164,925,926,928,930,932],{"class":166,"line":537},[164,927,684],{"class":262},[164,929,687],{"class":258},[164,931,263],{"class":262},[164,933,855],{"class":220},[164,935,936,938,940],{"class":166,"line":549},[164,937,697],{"class":258},[164,939,263],{"class":262},[164,941,855],{"class":220},[149,943,945],{"id":944},"_4-prometheus-deployen","4. Prometheus deployen",[154,947,949],{"className":244,"code":948,"language":246,"meta":159,"style":159},"# prometheus-deployment.yaml\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n name: prometheus\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n replicas: 1\n selector:\n matchLabels:\n app: prometheus\n template:\n metadata:\n labels:\n app: prometheus\n spec:\n containers:\n - name: prometheus\n image: prom/prometheus:latest\n ports:\n - containerPort: 9090\n volumeMounts:\n - name: config\n mountPath: /etc/prometheus\n volumes:\n - name: config\n configMap:\n name: prometheus-config\n---\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Service\nmetadata:\n name: prometheus\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n selector:\n app: prometheus\n ports:\n - port: 9090\n targetPort: 9090\n",[161,950,951,956,964,972,978,987,995,1001,1009,1015,1021,1029,1035,1041,1047,1055,1061,1067,1077,1086,1092,1103,1109,1119,1128,1134,1144,1150,1159,1163,1171,1179,1185,1193,1201,1207,1213,1221,1227,1237],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,952,953],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,954,955],{"class":194},"# prometheus-deployment.yaml\n",[164,957,958,960,962],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,959,259],{"class":258},[164,961,263],{"class":262},[164,963,266],{"class":174},[164,965,966,968,970],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,967,271],{"class":258},[164,969,263],{"class":262},[164,971,276],{"class":174},[164,973,974,976],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,975,281],{"class":258},[164,977,284],{"class":262},[164,979,980,982,984],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,981,289],{"class":258},[164,983,263],{"class":262},[164,985,986],{"class":174},"prometheus\n",[164,988,989,991,993],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,990,299],{"class":258},[164,992,263],{"class":262},[164,994,304],{"class":174},[164,996,997,999],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,998,309],{"class":258},[164,1000,284],{"class":262},[164,1002,1003,1005,1007],{"class":166,"line":314},[164,1004,317],{"class":258},[164,1006,263],{"class":262},[164,1008,322],{"class":220},[164,1010,1011,1013],{"class":166,"line":325},[164,1012,328],{"class":258},[164,1014,284],{"class":262},[164,1016,1017,1019],{"class":166,"line":333},[164,1018,336],{"class":258},[164,1020,284],{"class":262},[164,1022,1023,1025,1027],{"class":166,"line":341},[164,1024,344],{"class":258},[164,1026,263],{"class":262},[164,1028,986],{"class":174},[164,1030,1031,1033],{"class":166,"line":351},[164,1032,354],{"class":258},[164,1034,284],{"class":262},[164,1036,1037,1039],{"class":166,"line":359},[164,1038,362],{"class":258},[164,1040,284],{"class":262},[164,1042,1043,1045],{"class":166,"line":367},[164,1044,370],{"class":258},[164,1046,284],{"class":262},[164,1048,1049,1051,1053],{"class":166,"line":375},[164,1050,378],{"class":258},[164,1052,263],{"class":262},[164,1054,986],{"class":174},[164,1056,1057,1059],{"class":166,"line":385},[164,1058,388],{"class":258},[164,1060,284],{"class":262},[164,1062,1063,1065],{"class":166,"line":393},[164,1064,396],{"class":258},[164,1066,284],{"class":262},[164,1068,1069,1071,1073,1075],{"class":166,"line":401},[164,1070,404],{"class":262},[164,1072,407],{"class":258},[164,1074,263],{"class":262},[164,1076,986],{"class":174},[164,1078,1079,1081,1083],{"class":166,"line":415},[164,1080,418],{"class":258},[164,1082,263],{"class":262},[164,1084,1085],{"class":174},"prom/prometheus:latest\n",[164,1087,1088,1090],{"class":166,"line":426},[164,1089,429],{"class":258},[164,1091,284],{"class":262},[164,1093,1094,1096,1098,1100],{"class":166,"line":434},[164,1095,437],{"class":262},[164,1097,440],{"class":258},[164,1099,263],{"class":262},[164,1101,1102],{"class":220},"9090\n",[164,1104,1105,1107],{"class":166,"line":448},[164,1106,532],{"class":258},[164,1108,284],{"class":262},[164,1110,1111,1113,1115,1117],{"class":166,"line":456},[164,1112,437],{"class":262},[164,1114,407],{"class":258},[164,1116,263],{"class":262},[164,1118,546],{"class":174},[164,1120,1121,1123,1125],{"class":166,"line":468},[164,1122,552],{"class":258},[164,1124,263],{"class":262},[164,1126,1127],{"class":174},"/etc/prometheus\n",[164,1129,1130,1132],{"class":166,"line":476},[164,1131,563],{"class":258},[164,1133,284],{"class":262},[164,1135,1136,1138,1140,1142],{"class":166,"line":484},[164,1137,404],{"class":262},[164,1139,407],{"class":258},[164,1141,263],{"class":262},[164,1143,546],{"class":174},[164,1145,1146,1148],{"class":166,"line":495},[164,1147,582],{"class":258},[164,1149,284],{"class":262},[164,1151,1152,1154,1156],{"class":166,"line":506},[164,1153,590],{"class":258},[164,1155,263],{"class":262},[164,1157,1158],{"class":174},"prometheus-config\n",[164,1160,1161],{"class":166,"line":518},[164,1162,601],{"class":170},[164,1164,1165,1167,1169],{"class":166,"line":529},[164,1166,259],{"class":258},[164,1168,263],{"class":262},[164,1170,611],{"class":174},[164,1172,1173,1175,1177],{"class":166,"line":537},[164,1174,271],{"class":258},[164,1176,263],{"class":262},[164,1178,621],{"class":174},[164,1180,1181,1183],{"class":166,"line":549},[164,1182,281],{"class":258},[164,1184,284],{"class":262},[164,1186,1187,1189,1191],{"class":166,"line":560},[164,1188,289],{"class":258},[164,1190,263],{"class":262},[164,1192,986],{"class":174},[164,1194,1195,1197,1199],{"class":166,"line":568},[164,1196,299],{"class":258},[164,1198,263],{"class":262},[164,1200,304],{"class":174},[164,1202,1203,1205],{"class":166,"line":579},[164,1204,309],{"class":258},[164,1206,284],{"class":262},[164,1208,1209,1211],{"class":166,"line":587},[164,1210,328],{"class":258},[164,1212,284],{"class":262},[164,1214,1215,1217,1219],{"class":166,"line":598},[164,1216,666],{"class":258},[164,1218,263],{"class":262},[164,1220,986],{"class":174},[164,1222,1223,1225],{"class":166,"line":604},[164,1224,676],{"class":258},[164,1226,284],{"class":262},[164,1228,1229,1231,1233,1235],{"class":166,"line":614},[164,1230,684],{"class":262},[164,1232,687],{"class":258},[164,1234,263],{"class":262},[164,1236,1102],{"class":220},[164,1238,1239,1241,1243],{"class":166,"line":624},[164,1240,697],{"class":258},[164,1242,263],{"class":262},[164,1244,1102],{"class":220},[149,1246,1248],{"id":1247},"_5-grafana-deployen","5. Grafana deployen",[12,1250,1251,1252,1255],{},"Das folgende Grafana-Deployment startet mit deaktivierter Authentifizierung\n(",[161,1253,1254],{},"GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED: true",") für den einfachen Einstieg.",[12,1257,1258,1261],{},[39,1259,1260],{},"Diese Einstellung erlaubt jedem mit Netzwerkzugang, alle Dashboards ohne\nAnmeldung einzusehen."," Für Produktions-Deployments diese Variable entfernen\noder auf false setzen und einen geeigneten Authentifizierungs-Provider\n(LDAP, SAML/SSO oder OAuth) konfigurieren, um den Zugriff auf autorisierte\nNutzende zu beschränken.",[154,1263,1265],{"className":244,"code":1264,"language":246,"meta":159,"style":159},"# grafana-deployment.yaml\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n name: grafana\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n replicas: 1\n selector:\n matchLabels:\n app: grafana\n template:\n metadata:\n labels:\n app: grafana\n spec:\n containers:\n - name: grafana\n image: grafana/grafana:10.0.0\n ports:\n - containerPort: 3000\n env:\n # Für Produktion ENTFERNEN oder auf 'false' setzen.\n # Bei 'true' können alle Nutzenden mit Netzwerkzugang\n # Dashboards ohne Authentifizierung einsehen.\n - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED\n value: 'true'\n volumeMounts:\n - name: dashboards-provider\n mountPath: /etc/grafana/provisioning/dashboards\n - name: datasources\n mountPath: /etc/grafana/provisioning/datasources\n - name: dashboards\n mountPath: /var/lib/grafana/dashboards\n volumes:\n - name: dashboards-provider\n configMap:\n name: grafana-dashboards-provider\n - name: datasources\n configMap:\n name: grafana-datasources\n - name: dashboards\n configMap:\n name: grafana-dashboards\n---\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Service\nmetadata:\n name: grafana\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n selector:\n app: grafana\n ports:\n - port: 3000\n targetPort: 3000\n",[161,1266,1267,1272,1280,1288,1294,1303,1311,1317,1325,1331,1337,1345,1351,1357,1363,1371,1377,1383,1393,1402,1408,1419,1425,1430,1435,1440,1451,1460,1466,1477,1486,1497,1506,1517,1526,1532,1542,1548,1557,1567,1573,1582,1592,1598,1607,1611,1619,1627,1633,1642,1651,1658,1665,1674,1681,1692],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,1268,1269],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,1270,1271],{"class":194},"# grafana-deployment.yaml\n",[164,1273,1274,1276,1278],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,1275,259],{"class":258},[164,1277,263],{"class":262},[164,1279,266],{"class":174},[164,1281,1282,1284,1286],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,1283,271],{"class":258},[164,1285,263],{"class":262},[164,1287,276],{"class":174},[164,1289,1290,1292],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,1291,281],{"class":258},[164,1293,284],{"class":262},[164,1295,1296,1298,1300],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,1297,289],{"class":258},[164,1299,263],{"class":262},[164,1301,1302],{"class":174},"grafana\n",[164,1304,1305,1307,1309],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,1306,299],{"class":258},[164,1308,263],{"class":262},[164,1310,304],{"class":174},[164,1312,1313,1315],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,1314,309],{"class":258},[164,1316,284],{"class":262},[164,1318,1319,1321,1323],{"class":166,"line":314},[164,1320,317],{"class":258},[164,1322,263],{"class":262},[164,1324,322],{"class":220},[164,1326,1327,1329],{"class":166,"line":325},[164,1328,328],{"class":258},[164,1330,284],{"class":262},[164,1332,1333,1335],{"class":166,"line":333},[164,1334,336],{"class":258},[164,1336,284],{"class":262},[164,1338,1339,1341,1343],{"class":166,"line":341},[164,1340,344],{"class":258},[164,1342,263],{"class":262},[164,1344,1302],{"class":174},[164,1346,1347,1349],{"class":166,"line":351},[164,1348,354],{"class":258},[164,1350,284],{"class":262},[164,1352,1353,1355],{"class":166,"line":359},[164,1354,362],{"class":258},[164,1356,284],{"class":262},[164,1358,1359,1361],{"class":166,"line":367},[164,1360,370],{"class":258},[164,1362,284],{"class":262},[164,1364,1365,1367,1369],{"class":166,"line":375},[164,1366,378],{"class":258},[164,1368,263],{"class":262},[164,1370,1302],{"class":174},[164,1372,1373,1375],{"class":166,"line":385},[164,1374,388],{"class":258},[164,1376,284],{"class":262},[164,1378,1379,1381],{"class":166,"line":393},[164,1380,396],{"class":258},[164,1382,284],{"class":262},[164,1384,1385,1387,1389,1391],{"class":166,"line":401},[164,1386,404],{"class":262},[164,1388,407],{"class":258},[164,1390,263],{"class":262},[164,1392,1302],{"class":174},[164,1394,1395,1397,1399],{"class":166,"line":415},[164,1396,418],{"class":258},[164,1398,263],{"class":262},[164,1400,1401],{"class":174},"grafana/grafana:10.0.0\n",[164,1403,1404,1406],{"class":166,"line":426},[164,1405,429],{"class":258},[164,1407,284],{"class":262},[164,1409,1410,1412,1414,1416],{"class":166,"line":434},[164,1411,437],{"class":262},[164,1413,440],{"class":258},[164,1415,263],{"class":262},[164,1417,1418],{"class":220},"3000\n",[164,1420,1421,1423],{"class":166,"line":448},[164,1422,451],{"class":258},[164,1424,284],{"class":262},[164,1426,1427],{"class":166,"line":456},[164,1428,1429],{"class":194}," # Für Produktion ENTFERNEN oder auf 'false' setzen.\n",[164,1431,1432],{"class":166,"line":468},[164,1433,1434],{"class":194}," # Bei 'true' können alle Nutzenden mit Netzwerkzugang\n",[164,1436,1437],{"class":166,"line":476},[164,1438,1439],{"class":194}," # Dashboards ohne Authentifizierung einsehen.\n",[164,1441,1442,1444,1446,1448],{"class":166,"line":484},[164,1443,437],{"class":262},[164,1445,407],{"class":258},[164,1447,263],{"class":262},[164,1449,1450],{"class":174},"GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED\n",[164,1452,1453,1455,1457],{"class":166,"line":495},[164,1454,521],{"class":258},[164,1456,263],{"class":262},[164,1458,1459],{"class":174},"'true'\n",[164,1461,1462,1464],{"class":166,"line":506},[164,1463,532],{"class":258},[164,1465,284],{"class":262},[164,1467,1468,1470,1472,1474],{"class":166,"line":518},[164,1469,437],{"class":262},[164,1471,407],{"class":258},[164,1473,263],{"class":262},[164,1475,1476],{"class":174},"dashboards-provider\n",[164,1478,1479,1481,1483],{"class":166,"line":529},[164,1480,552],{"class":258},[164,1482,263],{"class":262},[164,1484,1485],{"class":174},"/etc/grafana/provisioning/dashboards\n",[164,1487,1488,1490,1492,1494],{"class":166,"line":537},[164,1489,437],{"class":262},[164,1491,407],{"class":258},[164,1493,263],{"class":262},[164,1495,1496],{"class":174},"datasources\n",[164,1498,1499,1501,1503],{"class":166,"line":549},[164,1500,552],{"class":258},[164,1502,263],{"class":262},[164,1504,1505],{"class":174},"/etc/grafana/provisioning/datasources\n",[164,1507,1508,1510,1512,1514],{"class":166,"line":560},[164,1509,437],{"class":262},[164,1511,407],{"class":258},[164,1513,263],{"class":262},[164,1515,1516],{"class":174},"dashboards\n",[164,1518,1519,1521,1523],{"class":166,"line":568},[164,1520,552],{"class":258},[164,1522,263],{"class":262},[164,1524,1525],{"class":174},"/var/lib/grafana/dashboards\n",[164,1527,1528,1530],{"class":166,"line":579},[164,1529,563],{"class":258},[164,1531,284],{"class":262},[164,1533,1534,1536,1538,1540],{"class":166,"line":587},[164,1535,404],{"class":262},[164,1537,407],{"class":258},[164,1539,263],{"class":262},[164,1541,1476],{"class":174},[164,1543,1544,1546],{"class":166,"line":598},[164,1545,582],{"class":258},[164,1547,284],{"class":262},[164,1549,1550,1552,1554],{"class":166,"line":604},[164,1551,590],{"class":258},[164,1553,263],{"class":262},[164,1555,1556],{"class":174},"grafana-dashboards-provider\n",[164,1558,1559,1561,1563,1565],{"class":166,"line":614},[164,1560,404],{"class":262},[164,1562,407],{"class":258},[164,1564,263],{"class":262},[164,1566,1496],{"class":174},[164,1568,1569,1571],{"class":166,"line":624},[164,1570,582],{"class":258},[164,1572,284],{"class":262},[164,1574,1575,1577,1579],{"class":166,"line":631},[164,1576,590],{"class":258},[164,1578,263],{"class":262},[164,1580,1581],{"class":174},"grafana-datasources\n",[164,1583,1584,1586,1588,1590],{"class":166,"line":640},[164,1585,404],{"class":262},[164,1587,407],{"class":258},[164,1589,263],{"class":262},[164,1591,1516],{"class":174},[164,1593,1594,1596],{"class":166,"line":649},[164,1595,582],{"class":258},[164,1597,284],{"class":262},[164,1599,1600,1602,1604],{"class":166,"line":656},[164,1601,590],{"class":258},[164,1603,263],{"class":262},[164,1605,1606],{"class":174},"grafana-dashboards\n",[164,1608,1609],{"class":166,"line":663},[164,1610,601],{"class":170},[164,1612,1613,1615,1617],{"class":166,"line":673},[164,1614,259],{"class":258},[164,1616,263],{"class":262},[164,1618,611],{"class":174},[164,1620,1621,1623,1625],{"class":166,"line":681},[164,1622,271],{"class":258},[164,1624,263],{"class":262},[164,1626,621],{"class":174},[164,1628,1629,1631],{"class":166,"line":694},[164,1630,281],{"class":258},[164,1632,284],{"class":262},[164,1634,1636,1638,1640],{"class":166,"line":1635},49,[164,1637,289],{"class":258},[164,1639,263],{"class":262},[164,1641,1302],{"class":174},[164,1643,1645,1647,1649],{"class":166,"line":1644},50,[164,1646,299],{"class":258},[164,1648,263],{"class":262},[164,1650,304],{"class":174},[164,1652,1654,1656],{"class":166,"line":1653},51,[164,1655,309],{"class":258},[164,1657,284],{"class":262},[164,1659,1661,1663],{"class":166,"line":1660},52,[164,1662,328],{"class":258},[164,1664,284],{"class":262},[164,1666,1668,1670,1672],{"class":166,"line":1667},53,[164,1669,666],{"class":258},[164,1671,263],{"class":262},[164,1673,1302],{"class":174},[164,1675,1677,1679],{"class":166,"line":1676},54,[164,1678,676],{"class":258},[164,1680,284],{"class":262},[164,1682,1684,1686,1688,1690],{"class":166,"line":1683},55,[164,1685,684],{"class":262},[164,1687,687],{"class":258},[164,1689,263],{"class":262},[164,1691,1418],{"class":220},[164,1693,1695,1697,1699],{"class":166,"line":1694},56,[164,1696,697],{"class":258},[164,1698,263],{"class":262},[164,1700,1418],{"class":220},[149,1702,1704],{"id":1703},"_6-network-policy-setzen","6. Network Policy setzen",[12,1706,1707],{},"Den Inter-Pod-Traffic auf die erforderlichen Kommunikationspfade beschränken:",[154,1709,1711],{"className":244,"code":1710,"language":246,"meta":159,"style":159},"# network-policy.yaml\napiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1\nkind: NetworkPolicy\nmetadata:\n name: observability-policy\n namespace: gitlab-observability\nspec:\n podSelector: {}\n policyTypes:\n - Ingress\n ingress:\n # Prometheus scrapt Exporter und Node-Exporter\n - from:\n - podSelector:\n matchLabels:\n app: prometheus\n ports:\n - port: 8080\n - port: 9100\n # Grafana fragt Prometheus ab\n - from:\n - podSelector:\n matchLabels:\n app: grafana\n ports:\n - port: 9090\n",[161,1712,1713,1718,1727,1736,1742,1751,1759,1765,1773,1780,1787,1794,1799,1808,1817,1824,1833,1840,1850,1860,1865,1873,1881,1887,1895,1901],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,1714,1715],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,1716,1717],{"class":194},"# network-policy.yaml\n",[164,1719,1720,1722,1724],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,1721,259],{"class":258},[164,1723,263],{"class":262},[164,1725,1726],{"class":174},"networking.k8s.io/v1\n",[164,1728,1729,1731,1733],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,1730,271],{"class":258},[164,1732,263],{"class":262},[164,1734,1735],{"class":174},"NetworkPolicy\n",[164,1737,1738,1740],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,1739,281],{"class":258},[164,1741,284],{"class":262},[164,1743,1744,1746,1748],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,1745,289],{"class":258},[164,1747,263],{"class":262},[164,1749,1750],{"class":174},"observability-policy\n",[164,1752,1753,1755,1757],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,1754,299],{"class":258},[164,1756,263],{"class":262},[164,1758,304],{"class":174},[164,1760,1761,1763],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,1762,309],{"class":258},[164,1764,284],{"class":262},[164,1766,1767,1770],{"class":166,"line":314},[164,1768,1769],{"class":258}," podSelector",[164,1771,1772],{"class":262},": {}\n",[164,1774,1775,1778],{"class":166,"line":325},[164,1776,1777],{"class":258}," policyTypes",[164,1779,284],{"class":262},[164,1781,1782,1784],{"class":166,"line":333},[164,1783,684],{"class":262},[164,1785,1786],{"class":174},"Ingress\n",[164,1788,1789,1792],{"class":166,"line":341},[164,1790,1791],{"class":258}," ingress",[164,1793,284],{"class":262},[164,1795,1796],{"class":166,"line":351},[164,1797,1798],{"class":194}," # Prometheus scrapt Exporter und Node-Exporter\n",[164,1800,1801,1803,1806],{"class":166,"line":359},[164,1802,684],{"class":262},[164,1804,1805],{"class":258},"from",[164,1807,284],{"class":262},[164,1809,1810,1812,1815],{"class":166,"line":367},[164,1811,404],{"class":262},[164,1813,1814],{"class":258},"podSelector",[164,1816,284],{"class":262},[164,1818,1819,1822],{"class":166,"line":375},[164,1820,1821],{"class":258}," matchLabels",[164,1823,284],{"class":262},[164,1825,1826,1829,1831],{"class":166,"line":385},[164,1827,1828],{"class":258}," app",[164,1830,263],{"class":262},[164,1832,986],{"class":174},[164,1834,1835,1838],{"class":166,"line":393},[164,1836,1837],{"class":258}," ports",[164,1839,284],{"class":262},[164,1841,1842,1844,1846,1848],{"class":166,"line":401},[164,1843,404],{"class":262},[164,1845,687],{"class":258},[164,1847,263],{"class":262},[164,1849,445],{"class":220},[164,1851,1852,1854,1856,1858],{"class":166,"line":415},[164,1853,404],{"class":262},[164,1855,687],{"class":258},[164,1857,263],{"class":262},[164,1859,855],{"class":220},[164,1861,1862],{"class":166,"line":426},[164,1863,1864],{"class":194}," # Grafana fragt Prometheus ab\n",[164,1866,1867,1869,1871],{"class":166,"line":434},[164,1868,684],{"class":262},[164,1870,1805],{"class":258},[164,1872,284],{"class":262},[164,1874,1875,1877,1879],{"class":166,"line":448},[164,1876,404],{"class":262},[164,1878,1814],{"class":258},[164,1880,284],{"class":262},[164,1882,1883,1885],{"class":166,"line":456},[164,1884,1821],{"class":258},[164,1886,284],{"class":262},[164,1888,1889,1891,1893],{"class":166,"line":468},[164,1890,1828],{"class":258},[164,1892,263],{"class":262},[164,1894,1302],{"class":174},[164,1896,1897,1899],{"class":166,"line":476},[164,1898,1837],{"class":258},[164,1900,284],{"class":262},[164,1902,1903,1905,1907,1909],{"class":166,"line":484},[164,1904,404],{"class":262},[164,1906,687],{"class":258},[164,1908,263],{"class":262},[164,1910,1102],{"class":220},[149,1912,1914],{"id":1913},"_7-validieren","7. Validieren",[154,1916,1918],{"className":156,"code":1917,"language":158,"meta":159,"style":159},"kubectl get pods -n gitlab-observability\nkubectl port-forward svc/grafana 3000:3000 -n gitlab-observability\ncurl http://localhost:3000/api/health\n",[161,1919,1920,1935,1952],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,1921,1922,1924,1927,1930,1933],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,1923,171],{"class":170},[164,1925,1926],{"class":174}," get",[164,1928,1929],{"class":174}," pods",[164,1931,1932],{"class":220}," -n",[164,1934,181],{"class":174},[164,1936,1937,1939,1942,1945,1948,1950],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,1938,171],{"class":170},[164,1940,1941],{"class":174}," port-forward",[164,1943,1944],{"class":174}," svc/grafana",[164,1946,1947],{"class":174}," 3000:3000",[164,1949,1932],{"class":220},[164,1951,181],{"class":174},[164,1953,1954,1957],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,1955,1956],{"class":170},"curl",[164,1958,1959],{"class":174}," http://localhost:3000/api/health\n",[25,1961,1963],{"id":1962},"konfigurationsreferenz","Konfigurationsreferenz",[149,1965,1967],{"id":1966},"exporter-konfiguration","Exporter-Konfiguration",[154,1969,1971],{"className":244,"code":1970,"language":246,"meta":159,"style":159},"# gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter.yml (ConfigMap: gcpe-config)\nlog:\n level: info\ngitlab:\n url: https://gitlab.your-domain.com\n maximum_requests_per_second: 10\nproject_defaults:\n pull:\n pipeline:\n jobs:\n enabled: true\nwildcards:\n - owner:\n name: your-group-name\n kind: group\n archived: false\n",[161,1972,1973,1978,1985,1995,2002,2012,2022,2029,2036,2043,2050,2060,2067,2077,2087,2097],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,1974,1975],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,1976,1977],{"class":194},"# gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter.yml (ConfigMap: gcpe-config)\n",[164,1979,1980,1983],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,1981,1982],{"class":258},"log",[164,1984,284],{"class":262},[164,1986,1987,1990,1992],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,1988,1989],{"class":258}," level",[164,1991,263],{"class":262},[164,1993,1994],{"class":174},"info\n",[164,1996,1997,2000],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,1998,1999],{"class":258},"gitlab",[164,2001,284],{"class":262},[164,2003,2004,2007,2009],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,2005,2006],{"class":258}," url",[164,2008,263],{"class":262},[164,2010,2011],{"class":174},"https://gitlab.your-domain.com\n",[164,2013,2014,2017,2019],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,2015,2016],{"class":258}," maximum_requests_per_second",[164,2018,263],{"class":262},[164,2020,2021],{"class":220},"10\n",[164,2023,2024,2027],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,2025,2026],{"class":258},"project_defaults",[164,2028,284],{"class":262},[164,2030,2031,2034],{"class":166,"line":314},[164,2032,2033],{"class":258}," pull",[164,2035,284],{"class":262},[164,2037,2038,2041],{"class":166,"line":325},[164,2039,2040],{"class":258}," pipeline",[164,2042,284],{"class":262},[164,2044,2045,2048],{"class":166,"line":333},[164,2046,2047],{"class":258}," jobs",[164,2049,284],{"class":262},[164,2051,2052,2055,2057],{"class":166,"line":341},[164,2053,2054],{"class":258}," enabled",[164,2056,263],{"class":262},[164,2058,2059],{"class":220},"true\n",[164,2061,2062,2065],{"class":166,"line":351},[164,2063,2064],{"class":258},"wildcards",[164,2066,284],{"class":262},[164,2068,2069,2072,2075],{"class":166,"line":359},[164,2070,2071],{"class":262}," - ",[164,2073,2074],{"class":258},"owner",[164,2076,284],{"class":262},[164,2078,2079,2082,2084],{"class":166,"line":367},[164,2080,2081],{"class":258}," name",[164,2083,263],{"class":262},[164,2085,2086],{"class":174},"your-group-name\n",[164,2088,2089,2092,2094],{"class":166,"line":375},[164,2090,2091],{"class":258}," kind",[164,2093,263],{"class":262},[164,2095,2096],{"class":174},"group\n",[164,2098,2099,2102,2104],{"class":166,"line":385},[164,2100,2101],{"class":258}," archived",[164,2103,263],{"class":262},[164,2105,2106],{"class":220},"false\n",[149,2108,2110],{"id":2109},"prometheus-konfiguration","Prometheus-Konfiguration",[154,2112,2114],{"className":244,"code":2113,"language":246,"meta":159,"style":159},"# prometheus.yml (ConfigMap: prometheus-config)\nglobal:\n scrape_interval: 15s\nscrape_configs:\n - job_name: 'gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter'\n static_configs:\n - targets: ['gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter:8080']\n - job_name: 'node-exporter'\n static_configs:\n - targets: ['node-exporter:9100']\n",[161,2115,2116,2121,2128,2138,2145,2157,2164,2181,2192,2198],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,2117,2118],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,2119,2120],{"class":194},"# prometheus.yml (ConfigMap: prometheus-config)\n",[164,2122,2123,2126],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,2124,2125],{"class":258},"global",[164,2127,284],{"class":262},[164,2129,2130,2133,2135],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,2131,2132],{"class":258}," scrape_interval",[164,2134,263],{"class":262},[164,2136,2137],{"class":174},"15s\n",[164,2139,2140,2143],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,2141,2142],{"class":258},"scrape_configs",[164,2144,284],{"class":262},[164,2146,2147,2149,2152,2154],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,2148,2071],{"class":262},[164,2150,2151],{"class":258},"job_name",[164,2153,263],{"class":262},[164,2155,2156],{"class":174},"'gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter'\n",[164,2158,2159,2162],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,2160,2161],{"class":258}," static_configs",[164,2163,284],{"class":262},[164,2165,2166,2169,2172,2175,2178],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,2167,2168],{"class":262}," - ",[164,2170,2171],{"class":258},"targets",[164,2173,2174],{"class":262},": [",[164,2176,2177],{"class":174},"'gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter:8080'",[164,2179,2180],{"class":262},"]\n",[164,2182,2183,2185,2187,2189],{"class":166,"line":314},[164,2184,2071],{"class":262},[164,2186,2151],{"class":258},[164,2188,263],{"class":262},[164,2190,2191],{"class":174},"'node-exporter'\n",[164,2193,2194,2196],{"class":166,"line":325},[164,2195,2161],{"class":258},[164,2197,284],{"class":262},[164,2199,2200,2202,2204,2206,2209],{"class":166,"line":333},[164,2201,2168],{"class":262},[164,2203,2171],{"class":258},[164,2205,2174],{"class":262},[164,2207,2208],{"class":174},"'node-exporter:9100'",[164,2210,2180],{"class":262},[149,2212,2214],{"id":2213},"grafana-datenquellen","Grafana-Datenquellen",[154,2216,2218],{"className":244,"code":2217,"language":246,"meta":159,"style":159},"# datasources.yml (ConfigMap: grafana-datasources)\napiVersion: 1\ndatasources:\n - name: Prometheus\n type: prometheus\n access: proxy\n url: http://prometheus:9090\n isDefault: true\n# dashboards.yml (ConfigMap: grafana-dashboards-provider)\napiVersion: 1\nproviders:\n - name: 'default'\n folder: 'GitLab CI/CD'\n type: file\n options:\n path: /var/lib/grafana/dashboards\n",[161,2219,2220,2225,2233,2240,2251,2260,2270,2280,2289,2294,2302,2309,2320,2330,2339,2346],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,2221,2222],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,2223,2224],{"class":194},"# datasources.yml (ConfigMap: grafana-datasources)\n",[164,2226,2227,2229,2231],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,2228,259],{"class":258},[164,2230,263],{"class":262},[164,2232,322],{"class":220},[164,2234,2235,2238],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,2236,2237],{"class":258},"datasources",[164,2239,284],{"class":262},[164,2241,2242,2244,2246,2248],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,2243,2071],{"class":262},[164,2245,407],{"class":258},[164,2247,263],{"class":262},[164,2249,2250],{"class":174},"Prometheus\n",[164,2252,2253,2256,2258],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,2254,2255],{"class":258}," type",[164,2257,263],{"class":262},[164,2259,986],{"class":174},[164,2261,2262,2265,2267],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,2263,2264],{"class":258}," access",[164,2266,263],{"class":262},[164,2268,2269],{"class":174},"proxy\n",[164,2271,2272,2275,2277],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,2273,2274],{"class":258}," url",[164,2276,263],{"class":262},[164,2278,2279],{"class":174},"http://prometheus:9090\n",[164,2281,2282,2285,2287],{"class":166,"line":314},[164,2283,2284],{"class":258}," isDefault",[164,2286,263],{"class":262},[164,2288,2059],{"class":220},[164,2290,2291],{"class":166,"line":325},[164,2292,2293],{"class":194},"# dashboards.yml (ConfigMap: grafana-dashboards-provider)\n",[164,2295,2296,2298,2300],{"class":166,"line":333},[164,2297,259],{"class":258},[164,2299,263],{"class":262},[164,2301,322],{"class":220},[164,2303,2304,2307],{"class":166,"line":341},[164,2305,2306],{"class":258},"providers",[164,2308,284],{"class":262},[164,2310,2311,2313,2315,2317],{"class":166,"line":351},[164,2312,2071],{"class":262},[164,2314,407],{"class":258},[164,2316,263],{"class":262},[164,2318,2319],{"class":174},"'default'\n",[164,2321,2322,2325,2327],{"class":166,"line":359},[164,2323,2324],{"class":258}," folder",[164,2326,263],{"class":262},[164,2328,2329],{"class":174},"'GitLab CI/CD'\n",[164,2331,2332,2334,2336],{"class":166,"line":367},[164,2333,2255],{"class":258},[164,2335,263],{"class":262},[164,2337,2338],{"class":174},"file\n",[164,2340,2341,2344],{"class":166,"line":375},[164,2342,2343],{"class":258}," options",[164,2345,284],{"class":262},[164,2347,2348,2351,2353],{"class":166,"line":385},[164,2349,2350],{"class":258}," path",[164,2352,263],{"class":262},[164,2354,1525],{"class":174},[25,2356,2358],{"id":2357},"wichtige-metriken","Wichtige Metriken",[149,2360,2362],{"id":2361},"pipeline-exporter-metriken","Pipeline-Exporter-Metriken",[2364,2365,2366,2380],"table",{},[2367,2368,2369],"thead",{},[2370,2371,2372,2377],"tr",{},[2373,2374,2376],"th",{"align":2375},"left","Metrik",[2373,2378,2379],{"align":2375},"Beschreibung",[2381,2382,2383,2394,2404,2414,2424,2434,2444,2454,2464],"tbody",{},[2370,2384,2385,2391],{},[2386,2387,2388],"td",{"align":2375},[161,2389,2390],{},"gitlab_ci_pipeline_duration_seconds",[2386,2392,2393],{"align":2375},"Pipeline-Ausführungszeit",[2370,2395,2396,2401],{},[2386,2397,2398],{"align":2375},[161,2399,2400],{},"gitlab_ci_pipeline_status",[2386,2402,2403],{"align":2375},"Pipeline-Erfolg/-Fehler nach Projekt",[2370,2405,2406,2411],{},[2386,2407,2408],{"align":2375},[161,2409,2410],{},"gitlab_ci_pipeline_job_duration_seconds",[2386,2412,2413],{"align":2375},"Einzelne Job-Ausführungszeit",[2370,2415,2416,2421],{},[2386,2417,2418],{"align":2375},[161,2419,2420],{},"gitlab_ci_pipeline_job_status",[2386,2422,2423],{"align":2375},"Job-Erfolgs-/-Fehlerstatus",[2370,2425,2426,2431],{},[2386,2427,2428],{"align":2375},[161,2429,2430],{},"gitlab_ci_pipeline_job_artifact_size_bytes",[2386,2432,2433],{"align":2375},"Artifact-Speicherverbrauch",[2370,2435,2436,2441],{},[2386,2437,2438],{"align":2375},[161,2439,2440],{},"gitlab_ci_pipeline_coverage",[2386,2442,2443],{"align":2375},"Code-Coverage-Prozentsatz",[2370,2445,2446,2451],{},[2386,2447,2448],{"align":2375},[161,2449,2450],{},"gitlab_ci_environment_deployment_count",[2386,2452,2453],{"align":2375},"Deployment-Häufigkeit",[2370,2455,2456,2461],{},[2386,2457,2458],{"align":2375},[161,2459,2460],{},"gitlab_ci_environment_deployment_duration_seconds",[2386,2462,2463],{"align":2375},"Deployment-Ausführungszeit",[2370,2465,2466,2471],{},[2386,2467,2468],{"align":2375},[161,2469,2470],{},"gitlab_ci_environment_behind_commits_count",[2386,2472,2473],{"align":2375},"Environment-Drift gegenüber main",[149,2475,2477],{"id":2476},"node-exporter-metriken","Node-Exporter-Metriken",[2364,2479,2480,2488],{},[2367,2481,2482],{},[2370,2483,2484,2486],{},[2373,2485,2376],{"align":2375},[2373,2487,2379],{"align":2375},[2381,2489,2490,2500,2510,2520],{},[2370,2491,2492,2497],{},[2386,2493,2494],{"align":2375},[161,2495,2496],{},"node_cpu_seconds_total",[2386,2498,2499],{"align":2375},"CPU-Auslastung",[2370,2501,2502,2507],{},[2386,2503,2504],{"align":2375},[161,2505,2506],{},"node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes",[2386,2508,2509],{"align":2375},"Verfügbarer Arbeitsspeicher",[2370,2511,2512,2517],{},[2386,2513,2514],{"align":2375},[161,2515,2516],{},"node_filesystem_avail_bytes",[2386,2518,2519],{"align":2375},"Verfügbarer Festplattenspeicher",[2370,2521,2522,2527],{},[2386,2523,2524],{"align":2375},[161,2525,2526],{},"node_load1",[2386,2528,2529],{"align":2375},"1-Minuten-Lastdurchschnitt",[25,2531,2533],{"id":2532},"fehlerbehebung","Fehlerbehebung",[149,2535,2537],{"id":2536},"grafana-plugin-installation-in-air-gapped-umgebungen","Grafana-Plugin-Installation in Air-gapped-Umgebungen",[12,2539,2540],{},"Für Offline-Umgebungen Plugins manuell installieren. Beispiel für Kubernetes:",[154,2542,2544],{"className":156,"code":2543,"language":158,"meta":159,"style":159},"# Plugin-ZIP in den Grafana-Pod kopieren\nkubectl cp grafana-polystat-panel-2.1.16.zip \\\n gitlab-observability/grafana-\u003Cpod-id>:/tmp/\n# Plugin entpacken\nkubectl exec -it -n gitlab-observability deploy/grafana -- \\\n sh -c \"unzip /tmp/grafana-polystat-panel-2.1.16.zip -d /var/lib/grafana/plugins/\"\n# Grafana-Pod neu starten\nkubectl rollout restart deployment/grafana -n gitlab-observability\n# Installation prüfen\nkubectl exec -it -n gitlab-observability deploy/grafana -- \\\n ls -al /var/lib/grafana/plugins/\n",[161,2545,2546,2551,2563,2584,2589,2612,2623,2628,2645,2650,2668],{"__ignoreMap":159},[164,2547,2548],{"class":166,"line":167},[164,2549,2550],{"class":194},"# Plugin-ZIP in den Grafana-Pod kopieren\n",[164,2552,2553,2555,2558,2561],{"class":166,"line":184},[164,2554,171],{"class":170},[164,2556,2557],{"class":174}," cp",[164,2559,2560],{"class":174}," grafana-polystat-panel-2.1.16.zip",[164,2562,221],{"class":220},[164,2564,2565,2568,2572,2575,2578,2581],{"class":166,"line":191},[164,2566,2567],{"class":174}," gitlab-observability/grafana-",[164,2569,2571],{"class":2570},"sD7c4","\u003C",[164,2573,2574],{"class":174},"pod-i",[164,2576,2577],{"class":262},"d",[164,2579,2580],{"class":2570},">",[164,2582,2583],{"class":174},":/tmp/\n",[164,2585,2586],{"class":166,"line":198},[164,2587,2588],{"class":194},"# Plugin entpacken\n",[164,2590,2591,2593,2596,2599,2601,2604,2607,2610],{"class":166,"line":204},[164,2592,171],{"class":170},[164,2594,2595],{"class":174}," exec",[164,2597,2598],{"class":220}," -it",[164,2600,1932],{"class":220},[164,2602,2603],{"class":174}," gitlab-observability",[164,2605,2606],{"class":174}," deploy/grafana",[164,2608,2609],{"class":220}," --",[164,2611,221],{"class":220},[164,2613,2614,2617,2620],{"class":166,"line":224},[164,2615,2616],{"class":174}," sh",[164,2618,2619],{"class":220}," -c",[164,2621,2622],{"class":174}," \"unzip /tmp/grafana-polystat-panel-2.1.16.zip -d /var/lib/grafana/plugins/\"\n",[164,2624,2625],{"class":166,"line":232},[164,2626,2627],{"class":194},"# Grafana-Pod neu starten\n",[164,2629,2630,2632,2635,2638,2641,2643],{"class":166,"line":314},[164,2631,171],{"class":170},[164,2633,2634],{"class":174}," rollout",[164,2636,2637],{"class":174}," restart",[164,2639,2640],{"class":174}," deployment/grafana",[164,2642,1932],{"class":220},[164,2644,181],{"class":174},[164,2646,2647],{"class":166,"line":325},[164,2648,2649],{"class":194},"# Installation prüfen\n",[164,2651,2652,2654,2656,2658,2660,2662,2664,2666],{"class":166,"line":333},[164,2653,171],{"class":170},[164,2655,2595],{"class":174},[164,2657,2598],{"class":220},[164,2659,1932],{"class":220},[164,2661,2603],{"class":174},[164,2663,2606],{"class":174},[164,2665,2609],{"class":220},[164,2667,221],{"class":220},[164,2669,2670,2673,2676],{"class":166,"line":341},[164,2671,2672],{"class":174}," ls",[164,2674,2675],{"class":220}," -al",[164,2677,2678],{"class":174}," /var/lib/grafana/plugins/\n",[25,2680,2682],{"id":2681},"unternehmensaspekte","Unternehmensaspekte",[12,2684,2685],{},"Für regulierte Branchen gilt:",[33,2687,2688,2697,2703],{},[36,2689,2690,2693,2694,2696],{},[39,2691,2692],{},"Token-Sicherheit:"," GitLab Personal Access Tokens in einem dedizierten\nSecrets-Manager speichern, nicht hartcodiert in ConfigMaps. Token-Rotation\ndurchsetzen und den Scope auf ",[39,2695,136],{}," beschränken.",[36,2698,2699,2702],{},[39,2700,2701],{},"Netzwerksegmentierung:"," Hinter einem Reverse Proxy mit TLS-Terminierung\ndeployen. In Kubernetes einen Ingress-Controller mit automatisierter\nZertifikatsbereitstellung verwenden.",[36,2704,2705,2708],{},[39,2706,2707],{},"Authentifizierung:"," Grafana mit dem Identity Provider der Organisation\nkonfigurieren (SAML, LDAP oder OAuth/OIDC), um rollenbasierte\nZugriffskontrolle auf Dashboards durchzusetzen.",[25,2710,2712],{"id":2711},"warum-gitlab","Warum GitLab?",[12,2714,2715],{},"GitLabs API-First-Design ermöglicht individuelle Observability-Lösungen, die\nnative Funktionen wie Value Stream Analytics und DORA-Metriken ergänzen. Die\noffene Architektur erlaubt es Unternehmen, bewährte Open-Source-Werkzeuge –\nwie den gitlab-ci-pipelines-exporter – direkt in bestehende\nUnternehmensinfrastruktur zu integrieren, ohne etablierte Workflows zu\nunterbrechen.",[12,2717,2718,2719,2725],{},"Mit wachsender Observability-Reife bieten GitLabs eingebaute\nObservability-Funktionen einen natürlichen nächsten Schritt – tiefere,\nintegrierte Transparenz ohne zusätzliche Werkzeuge. Mehr zu den nativen\nPlattformfunktionen unter\n",[2720,2721,2724],"a",{"href":2722,"rel":2723},"https://docs.gitlab.com/operations/observability/observability/",[],"GitLab Observability",".",[2727,2728,2729],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .s7eDp, html code.shiki .s7eDp{--shiki-default:#6F42C1}html pre.shiki code .sYBdl, html code.shiki .sYBdl{--shiki-default:#032F62}html pre.shiki code .sAwPA, html code.shiki .sAwPA{--shiki-default:#6A737D}html pre.shiki code .sYu0t, html code.shiki .sYu0t{--shiki-default:#005CC5}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html pre.shiki 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